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File security
If you want to prevent people from viewing or downloading any files in a particular directory you can just place a .htaccess file like this in that directory.
# prevent reading of all files
<Files *>
Deny From All
</Files>
For example, I have a directory which holds include files containing various passwords and web-service keys that I don't want anybody to be able to see. Ideally this would be stored outside the directory tree that the web-server can serve-up, but on some configurations that is not possible. In this case the .htaccess file above prevents anyone from viewing the files whilst still allowing them to be included in PHP scripts.
You can be more selective about what you allow people to see. This .htaccess file will prevent people from seeing just the files with the .inc suffix. Anything else is accessible.
# prevent reading of .inc files
<Files *.inc>
Deny From All
</Files>